Uko abinjiye muri telephone yawe bagenzura ibzo bashaka gukora bzose...
PEGASUS SPYWARE: Sobanukirwa Pegasus, Program ikoreshwa mu kuneka ibzo abantu bakorera kuri za telefone zabo ku buryo badashobora kumenya uwinjiye n’igihe yinjiriye ho. Pegasus ni imwe muri za program zishirwa mu majwi zikomeye ku isi, zihenze cane kandi zidashobora kubonwa na buri wese ushaka kuyigura. Pegasus yakozwe n’ikigo citwa NSO Group, (Q Cyber Technologies) co muri Isreal.
Nkuko bitangazwa n’iki kigo, kivuga yuko iyi program yakozwe kubwo kuneka ibzihebe ndetse n’imitwe y’abagizi ba nabi, ariko abaharanira uburenganzira bwa kiremwa muntu, ikigo (Amnesty International) bavuga yuko iyi program ikoreshwa nabi n’abazigura bashaka kuneka abatavuga rumwe nabo. Ijambo Pegasus risigura ngo ni ifarashi ifite amababa itera umugezi wa Hippocrene kuva ku musozi wa Helicon ukubita inzara, ni kimwe mubiremwa bizwi cane mugani w’Abagiliki.
Bamwe mu bantu bashirwa mu majwi y’abagwa muri uyu mutego w’iyi program harimo abanyamakuru bakomeye, abatunzi, abanyapolitike ndetse n’abaharanira uburenganzira bwa kiremwa muntu.
Hari bimwe mu bihugu bishirwa mu majwi mu gukoresha iyi program mu kuneka telephone z’abaturage batavuga rumwe n’izi leta cangwe uwo bashatse wese. Ibi bikaba bitavugwa ho rumwe n’abagenzuzi mu kurengera uburenganzira bwa kiremwa muntu.
Bisaba iki kugira ngo umenye ko telephone yawe yinjiriwe?
Kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kumenya ko yinjiriwe na Pegasus cangwe izindi program zimeze nkayo biragoye kuko usanga abantu bakoresha ama telephone bitandukanye. Kimwe mu bivugwa n’abakoze iyi program, bavuga yuko harimo uburyo bubiri: Mugihe ubona telephone yawe ishuha cane no mugihe utari kuyikoresha, mugihe ukora kuri program ikanga gufunguka, mugihe ubona ikiyo ca telephone (screen cangwe tableau) gihindagurika no mugihe ubona ibzo utari usanzwe ubona muri iyi telephone yawe.
Pegasus mbere yinjiraga muri telephone aruko umuntu abanjije kuyishirira mo (installation), ahandi ni mugihe umuntu abona ubutumwa bugusaba gukanda kuri link binyuze kuri email, sms cangwe se mugihe umuntu runaka akohereje ubutumwa bugusaba gukanda kuri link utazi.
Ubu kubera ikoranabuhanga rimaze gutera imbere, program nk’izi zirashobora gushirwa muri telephone yawe utarinze gukanda kuri link cangwe kuzishirira mo wenyine. Uburyo bwonyine buzirinda kwinjira muri telephone ni mugihe umuntu ashize mo program za (antivirus), program zirinda abinjira batabifitiye uburenganzira. Hari antivirus zimwe zitangwa ku buntu ndetse n’izindi zisabwa kwishura kugira ngo uyishire muri telephone yawe.
Ni ibiki Pegasus ikorera uwo yinjiriye?
Nkuko twabivuze haruguru, byemezwa na NSO Group, ikigo cakoze iyi program, biravugwa yiko Pegasus ishobora kwemerera uwayohereje gusoma ubutumwa bwa nyiri telephone, kureba amafoto, gukoresha camera, microphone, GPS, ndetse n’amajwi cangwe video zafashwe zikanoherezwa muri WhatsApp.
Biragoye cane kugira ngo umuntu atahure ibi gukorerwa kuri telephone yiwe ari nayo mpamvu buri wese asabwa kwitondera ibzo akorera kuri telephone yiwe no kwitondera cane ibzo yohereza abandi akoresheje iyi telephone. Mu mwaka w’i 2019, ishirahamwe Facebook rigenzura program ya WhatsApp ryohereje ubutumwa abakoresha iyi program ribasaba kuvugurura iyi program kugira ngo bashobore kwirinda no kurinda amabi akorwa n’ama program nk’aya.
Ubu bwari uburyo iri shirahamwe ryashatse gukoresha kugira ngo bamenye neza umubare w’abantu bakoresha WhatsApp binjiriwe n’abagizi ba nabi hifashishijwe ama program y’abibzi.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwirinda Pegasus?
Nkuko bitangazwa n’abahanga mw’ikoranabuhanga (Cybersecurity analysts and experts), inzira yonyine yo guhunga Pegasus ni gukaburira telephone yamaze kwanjira mo iyi program. Ibi bukurinda kongera guterwa n’abashaka kumenya ibzo ukora kuko mugihe binjiye muri iyi telephone iba yangiritse burundu.
Barashobora kwinjira muri konti zawe za bank, gusoma ubutamwa bwawe, kugufotora mugihe utazi, mbese ubuzima bwawe baba babufite muntoki. Ni nayo mpamvu ubuzima bw’abantu benshi bwagiye bushirwa ku ka rubanda mu buryo batazi, ugasanga amafoto y’abantu benshi yashizwe hanze bambaye ubusa ariko ntibamenye igihe aya mafoto yagiye hanze.
Benshi bagiye boherezwa ubutumwa bubasaba kohereza amafaranga kugira ngo amafoto yabo bambaye ubusa cangwe video zabo zireke kuja ku ka rubanda. Iyi ni imitego ikorwa n’abagizi ba nabi bashaka kwangiriza ubuzima bw’abandi.
Indi nzira isabwa kugira ngo umuntu yirinde ib bitero, ni guhindura indi telephone no gushira mo andi ma program kandi yizeye ko aya ma program afite umutekano uhagije.
Mugihe umaze gushira ho indi telephone nshasha, hindura amajambo y’ibanga (passwords) ndetse wongere ho ubundi bwenge bukurinda kongera guterwa n’aba bagizi ba nabi bashaka gushira ubuzima bwawe mu kaga.
Ngibi bimwe mu bihugu bishirwa mu majwi mu gukoresha program ya Pegasus, mu kuneka abatavuga rumwe nabo
